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主/备模式高可用keepalived+{nginx(proxy)|lvs}
两台主机：httpd+php+Discuz!+phpMyAdmin
一台主机：memcached用来缓存php的session；
一台主机：mysql-server或mariadb-server；
实验规划：
这里我规划用备用模式高可用两台keepalived+nginx(proxy)服务器作为前端代理，两台主机httpd+php+MariaDB+Discuz作为后端真实机，memcached放在第一台director上用来缓存php的session，最后用一台ansible主机实现对所有主机的部署调用。
ansible主机：172.16.1.7
director1(nginx+keepalived+memcached)：172.16.1.10，虚拟ip：172.16.1.100
director2(nginx+keepalived)：172.16.1.5
RS1(Apache+php+MariaDB)：172.16.1.3
RS2(Apache+php+MariaDB)：172.16.1.6
拓扑图如下：
注意：
1.把所有节点的防火墙和SElinux关闭，避免对实验干扰。
2.同步所有节点的时间。
当部署完所有的应用后，生成如下所以的文件和子文件。
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 | [root@zj07 ansible] # tree . ├── ansible.cfg ├── files │ └── nginx.conf ├── hosts ├── playbooks │ ├── amp.yml │ ├── first.retry │ ├── first.yml │ ├── ngx.retry │ └── ngx.yml ├── roles │ ├── amp │ │ ├── default │ │ ├── files │ │ │ └── db.sh │ │ ├── handlers │ │ ├── tasks │ │ │ └── main.yml │ │ ├── templates │ │ └── vars │ ├── keepalived │ │ ├── default │ │ ├── files │ │ ├── handlers │ │ │ └── main.yml │ │ ├── tasks │ │ │ └── main.yml │ │ ├── templates │ │ │ └── keepalived.conf.j2 │ │ └── vars │ ├── memcached │ │ ├── default │ │ ├── files │ │ │ └── Discuz_X3.2_SC_UTF8.zip │ │ ├── handlers │ │ │ └── main.yml │ │ ├── tasks │ │ │ └── main.yml │ │ ├── templates │ │ │ ├── php.ini.j2 │ │ │ └── sessstore.php.j2 │ │ └── vars │ ├── memcached1 │ │ ├── default │ │ ├── files │ │ ├── handlers │ │ ├── tasks │ │ │ └── main.yml │ │ ├── templates │ │ └── vars │ └── nginx │ ├── default │ ├── files │ │ ├── default.conf.j2 │ │ └── ip_forward.sh │ ├── handlers │ │ └── main.yml │ ├── tasks │ │ └── main.yml │ ├── templates │ │ ├── nginx.conf.j2 │ │ └── nginx.repo.j2 │ └── vars ├── zrs.retry └── zrs.yml 36 directories, 29 files |
下面开始部署
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配置ansible主机
1.yum -y install ansible
2.
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 | vim /etc/ansible/hosts [knsrvs] 172.16.1.10 STATE=MASTER PRI=100 172.16.1.5 STATE=BACKUP PRI=98 [websrvs] 172.16.1.3 172.16.1.6 [memcached1] 172.16.1.10 [memcached] 172.16.1.3 172.16.1.6 |
3.建立免秘钥登陆，发给所以主机
ssh-keygen -t rsa -f .ssh/id_rsa -P ''
ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub root@172.16.1.10
ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub root@172.16.1.5
ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub root@172.16.1.3
ssh-copy-id -i .ssh/id_rsa.pub root@172.16.1.6
ansible all -m ping测试连通性
4.在ansible主机上安装nginx和keepalived和php-fpm，以便ansible过程中需要使用其配置文件
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keepalived配置
1.mkdir /etc/ansible/roles/keepalived/{files,tasks,templates,handlers,vars,default} -pv
2.vim /etc/ansible/roles/keepalived/tasks/main.yml
3.vim /etc/ansible/roles/keepalived/handlers/main.yml
| 1 2 | - name: restart keepalived server service: name=keepalived state=restarted |
4.复制刚才安装的keepalived主配置文件到指定目录,并修改如下
vim /etc/ansible/roles/keepalived/template/keepalived.conf.j2
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 | ! Configuration File for keepalived global_defs { notification_email { root@localhost } notification_email_from keepalived@localhost smtp_server 127.0.0.1 smtp_connect_timeout 30 router_id node1 vrrp_mcast_group4 224.0.43.100 } vrrp_script ngx_server { script "killal -0 nginx" interval 1 weight -5 } vrrp_instance VI_1 { state { { STATE }} interface eno16777736 virtual_router_id 43 priority { { PRI }} advert_int 1 track_script ngx_server authentication { auth_type PASS auth_pass zrs66zrs } virtual_ipaddress { 172.16.1.100 /32 brd 172.16.1.100 dev eno16777736 label eno16777736:0 } } |
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nginx的配置：
1.mkdir /etc/ansible/roles/nginx/{files,tasks,templates,handlers,vars,default} -pv
2.vim /etc/ansible/roles/nginx/tasks/main.yml
3.vim /etc/ansible/roles/nginx/templates/nginx.repo.j2
| 1 2 3 4 5 | [nginx] name=nginx repo baseurl=http: //nginx .org /packages/centos/7/ $basearch/ gpgcheck=0 enabled=1 |
复制刚才安装的nginx主配置文件到指定目录,并修改如下
vim /etc/ansible/roles/nginx/templates/nginx.conf.j2
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 | user nginx; worker_processes 1; error_log /var/log/nginx/error .log warn; pid /var/run/nginx .pid; events { worker_connections 1024; } http { include /etc/nginx/mime .types; default_type application /octet-stream ; log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"' ; access_log /var/log/nginx/access .log main; upstream amp { server 172.16.1.3; server 172.16.1.6; } server { listen 80; location / { proxy_pass http: //amp ; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; } } sendfile on; #tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 65; #gzip on; include /etc/nginx/conf .d/*.conf; } |
4.复制刚才安装的nginx主配置文件到指定目录,并修改如下
vim /etc/ansible/roles/nginx/files/default.conf.j2
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 | server { listen 80 default_server; server_name localhost; include /etc/nginx/default .d/*.conf; location / { root /usr/share/nginx/html ; proxy_pass http: //amp ; index index.html index.htm; } error_page 404 /404 .html; location = /404 .html { root /usr/share/nginx/html ; } error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x .html; location = /50x .html { root /usr/share/nginx/html ; } } |
5.创建ip_forward脚本，开启前端代理服务器的核心转发功能
vim /etc/ansible/roles/nginx/files/ip_forward.sh
| 1 2 3 | #!/bin/bash # echo > 1 /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward |
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amp的配置：
1.mkdir /etc/ansible/roles/amp/{files,tasks,templates,handlers,vars,default} -pv
2.vim /etc/ansible/roles/amp/tasks/main.yml
3.创建testdb数据库，和授权用户访问
vim /etc/ansible/roles/amp/files/db.sh
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 | #!/bin/bash # mysql -u root -e " create database testdb; grant all on testdb.* TO 'testuser' @ 'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY '123456' ; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;" |
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memcached配置
memcached缓存服务器为第一台调度器即172.16.1.10服务器，所以单独配置为memcached1
1.mkdir /etc/ansible/roles/memcached1/{files,tasks,templates,handlers,vars,default} -pv
2.vim /etc/ansible/roles/memcached1/tasks/main.yml
后端服务器上的配置
3.mkdir /etc/ansible/roles/memcached/{files,tasks,templates,handlers,vars,default} -pv
4.vim /etc/ansible/roles/memcached/tasks/main.yml
说明：
第二个任务：在本机安装php-fpm即可出现并修改/etc/php.ini该配置文件中的[Session]段中的缓存路径为如下，
session.save_handler = memcache
session.save_handler = "tcp://172.16.1.10:11211"
第四个任务：是建立一个缓存测试页面
vim /etc/ansible/roles/memcached/templates/sessstore.php
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 | <?php $mem = new Memcache; $mem->connect( "172.16.1.10" , 11211) or die( "Could not connect" ); $version = $mem->getVersion(); echo "Server's version: " .$version. "<br/>\n" ; $mem-> set ( 'hellokey' , 'Hello World' , 0, 600) or die( "Failed to save data at the memcached server" ); echo "Store data in the cache (data will expire in 600 seconds)<br/>\n" ; $get_result = $mem->get( 'hellokey' ); echo "$get_result is from memcached server." ; ?> |
第五个任务：将Discuz安装包放置在该目录下，传送到后端主机的指定目录。
第六个任务：解压该压缩包并赋予制定用户的权限
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创建主配置文件，并且调用roles：
vim /etc/ansible/zrs.yml
配置完成
先测试运行一下ansible-playbook --check zrs.yml，因为有的主机已经安装了某些软件，所以测试显示的是changed或者ok或者skipping
| 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 | [root@zj07 ansible] # ansible-playbook --check zrs.yml PLAY [knsrvs] ************************************************************************** TASK [Gathering Facts] ***************************************************************** ok: [172.16.1.10] ok: [172.16.1.5] TASK [keepalived : install keepalived] ************************************************* changed: [172.16.1.5] changed: [172.16.1.10] TASK [keepalived : install conf file ] ************************************************** changed: [172.16.1.10] changed: [172.16.1.5] TASK [keepalived : start keepalived] *************************************************** changed: [172.16.1.10] changed: [172.16.1.5] TASK [nginx : copy nginx repo] ********************************************************* changed: [172.16.1.5] ok: [172.16.1.10] TASK [nginx : install nginx] *********************************************************** ok: [172.16.1.10] changed: [172.16.1.5] TASK [nginx : copy conf file ] ********************************************************** changed: [172.16.1.10] changed: [172.16.1.5] TASK [nginx : reload nginx] ************************************************************ changed: [172.16.1.10] changed: [172.16.1.5] TASK [nginx : start nginx] ************************************************************* changed: [172.16.1.5] ok: [172.16.1.10] TASK [nginx : ip_forward] ************************************************************** changed: [172.16.1.5] changed: [172.16.1.10] RUNNING HANDLER [keepalived : restart keepalived server] ******************************* changed: [172.16.1.5] changed: [172.16.1.10] PLAY [websrvs] ************************************************************************* TASK [Gathering Facts] ***************************************************************** ok: [172.16.1.6] ok: [172.16.1.3] TASK [amp : install apache-php-mysql some package on CentOS 6] ************************* skipping: [172.16.1.3] => (item=[]) skipping: [172.16.1.6] => (item=[]) TASK [amp : install apache-php-mysql some package on CentOS 7] ************************* ok: [172.16.1.6] => (item=[u 'httpd' , u 'mariadb-server' , u 'php-fpm' , u 'php-mysql' ]) changed: [172.16.1.3] => (item=[u 'httpd' , u 'mariadb-server' , u 'php-fpm' , u 'php-mysql' ]) TASK [amp : start apm server] ********************************************************** skipping: [172.16.1.3] => (item=httpd) skipping: [172.16.1.3] => (item=mysqld) skipping: [172.16.1.6] => (item=httpd) skipping: [172.16.1.6] => (item=mysqld) TASK [amp : start apm server] ********************************************************** changed: [172.16.1.6] => (item=httpd) changed: [172.16.1.3] => (item=httpd) changed: [172.16.1.6] => (item=mariadb) changed: [172.16.1.3] => (item=mariadb) PLAY [memcached1] ********************************************************************** TASK [Gathering Facts] ***************************************************************** ok: [172.16.1.10] TASK [memcached1 : install memcached] ************************************************** ok: [172.16.1.10] TASK [memcached1 : start memcached] **************************************************** changed: [172.16.1.10] PLAY [memcached] *********************************************************************** TASK [Gathering Facts] ***************************************************************** ok: [172.16.1.6] ok: [172.16.1.3] TASK [memcached : install memcached php session] *************************************** ok: [172.16.1.3] ok: [172.16.1.6] TASK [memcached : transfer php session conf] ******************************************* changed: [172.16.1.3] changed: [172.16.1.6] TASK [memcached : reload httpd] ******************************************************** changed: [172.16.1.6] changed: [172.16.1.3] TASK [memcached : copy sessstore file ] ************************************************* changed: [172.16.1.6] changed: [172.16.1.3] TASK [memcached : copy discuz file ] **************************************************** changed: [172.16.1.6] changed: [172.16.1.3] TASK [memcached : tar discuz] ********************************************************** changed: [172.16.1.6] changed: [172.16.1.3] PLAY RECAP ***************************************************************************** 172.16.1.10 : ok=14 changed=8 unreachable=0 failed=0 172.16.1.3 : ok=10 changed=7 unreachable=0 failed=0 172.16.1.5 : ok=11 changed=10 unreachable=0 failed=0 172.16.1.6 : ok=10 changed=6 unreachable=0 failed=0 |
测试没问题，查看缓存页面是否成功，显示没问题。
开始运行
ansible-playbook zrs.yml
客户端查看，成功。
本文转自 Runs_ 51CTO博客，原文链接：http://blog.51cto.com/12667170/1981480，如需转载请自行联系原作者